Allergic rhinitis is a common condition that affects the airways, especially the nasal mucosa, and can cause a lot of discomfort in everyday life. The condition occurs when the immune system overreacts to substances that, in most people, do not cause problems – such as dust, pollen, or animal dander.
It is considered a chronic inflammatory disease that, in some cases, presents with genetic predisposition.
Additionally, many older adults already have other respiratory conditions, such as bronchitis or asthma, and rhinitis can make these problems worse. It can also affect sleep, causing tiredness during the day, irritation, and less energy for daily activities.
In this context, there is a tendency for allergic rhinitis, when not controlled, to worsen over the years.
The most common symptoms include:
• Frequent sneezing
• Rhinorrhoea (runny nose)
• Stuffy nose
• Itchy nose, eyes, or throat
• Watery or red eyes
These symptoms may resemble those of a cold, but allergic rhinitis is not caused by a virus and is not contagious. It can occur at certain times of the year (such as in spring, because of pollen) or throughout the year, depending on the type of allergy.
How to prevent crises?
• Keep the house clean and free of dust; keep environments airy and free of dust; use a damp cloth to clean furniture and avoid brooms that raise dust.
• Avoid carpets, heavy curtains, and plush objects, as these all tend to accumulate dust mites.
• Choose bed linens that are washed frequently, preferably in hot water.
• Avoid exposure to smoke and air pollution.
• Keep windows closed on days with a lot of pollen (especially early in the morning and late in the afternoon).
• Be careful with pets. If you have a dog or cat, keep them out of the bedroom and avoid direct face contact.
• Avoid strong smells. Strong-smelling cleaning products, perfumes, and cigarette smoke can worsen symptoms.
Treatment and control
Allergic rhinitis has no cure, but it can be controlled with the use of medications (such as antihistamines and anti-inflammatories) and with changes in the environment. It is important to seek a healthcare professional, such as an immunologist, for diagnosis and correct guidance, which may also include anti-allergy vaccines or immunotherapy.
Why is it important to treat?
If left untreated, allergic rhinitis can impair sleep, school or work performance, and increase the risk of other respiratory diseases, such as sinusitis and asthma.
Taking care of your health starts with information. If you have symptoms of allergic rhinitis, seek medical help and take steps to improve your quality of life!
Article submitted by the HPA Group
